What is a common legal term for the act of taking someone's property with intent to permanently deprive them of it?

The term that describes the act of taking someone's property with the intent to permanently deprive them of it is "larceny." This legal definition emphasizes that the key aspects of larceny involve not just the act of taking or carrying away someone else's property, but also the intention behind the action—specifically, the intention to permanently deprive the owner of their property.

In contrast, robbery involves taking property through force or intimidation, which adds a layer of violence or threat that differentiates it from larceny. Burglary involves entering a building unlawfully with the intent to commit a crime inside, typically theft, but the focus is more on the entry rather than the act of taking property itself. Embezzlement is the misappropriation of funds or property that one has been entrusted with, rather than taking property from someone else outright. Each of these terms carries specific legal definitions that highlight the nuances of theft-related offenses, with larceny being the precise designation for the act defined in the question.