What condition must be met for search warrants to be issued, as established by the Fourth Amendment?

The condition that must be met for search warrants to be issued, as established by the Fourth Amendment, is probable cause. This constitutional requirement ensures that law enforcement has a reasonable basis to believe that a crime has been committed or that evidence of a crime can be found in the location to be searched. Probable cause requires more than mere suspicion; it signifies that there is a factual basis that a law enforcement officer can articulate to justify the issuance of a warrant. This protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures by requiring a judicial officer to evaluate the information presented by law enforcement before granting permission to conduct a search.

The other options do not align with the constitutional basis for search warrants. Public necessity does not provide a legal standard for issuing a warrant, and while judicial review plays a role in overseeing the legality of various actions taken by the law, it does not serve as a direct requirement for issuing search warrants. Finally, clear evidence of guilt exceeds the standard of probable cause and is not required at the warrant-issuing stage; rather, it pertains to the level of proof needed for a conviction in a trial.